Remaining Challenges in the Treatment of Relapsed Wilms Tumor: Children’s Oncology Group and International Society of Paediatric Oncology Perspectives

Sutton KS, Walz AL, Groenendijk A, Murphy AJ, Pater L, Janssens GO, Brzezinski J, Mullen EA, Spreafico F, Godzinski J, van der Beek J, Hwa Wijnen M, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Pachl M, Graf N, Ehrlich PF, Furtwangler R, Brok J, Geller J. Remaining Challenges in the Treatment of Relapsed Wilms Tumor: Children’s Oncology Group and International Society of Paediatric Oncology Perspectives. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2025 Aug;72(8):e31790. doi: 10.1002/pbc.31790. Epub 2025 May 14. PMID: 40369656; PMCID: PMC12224181.

Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common pediatric renal tumor, and with multidisciplinary treatment overall outcomes are excellent. However, a small subset of patients with WT will relapse. The ideal treatment of relapsed WT is yet to be defined. Ongoing studies through the Children’s Oncology Group Renal Tumors Committee (COG-RTC) and the International Society of Paediatric Oncology Renal Tumor Study Group (SIOP-RTSG) aim to improve risk stratification and treatment strategies. Members met at the SIOP 55th Annual Congress 2023 to outline available data and knowledge gaps and develop future research priorities.